Testing two retrieval strategies to enhance eyewitness memory: Category and location clustering recall.

The dark side of testing memory: repeated retrieval can enhance eyewitness suggestibility.

Eyewitnesses typically recount their experiences many times before trial. Such repeated retrieval can enhance memory retention of the witnessed event. However, recent studies (e.g., Chan, Thomas, & Bulevich, 2009) have found that initial retrieval can exacerbate eyewitness suggestibility to later misleading information--a finding termed retrieval-enhanced suggestibility (RES). Here we examined ...

Hippocampal activation during episodic and semantic memory retrieval: comparing category production and category cued recall.

Whether or not the hippocampus participates in semantic memory retrieval has been the focus of much debate in the literature. However, few neuroimaging studies have directly compared hippocampal activation during semantic and episodic retrieval tasks that are well matched in all respects other than the source of the retrieved information. In Experiment 1, we compared hippocampal fMRI activation...

Journal of Experimental Psychology: Applied Retrieval Enhances Eyewitness Suggestibility to Misinformation in Free and Cued Recall

Retrieval enhances eyewitness suggestibility to misinformation in free and cued recall.

Immediately recalling a witnessed event can increase people's susceptibility to later postevent misinformation. But this retrieval-enhanced suggestibility (RES) effect has been shown only when the initial recall test included specific questions that reappeared on the final test. Moreover, it is unclear whether this phenomenon is affected by the centrality of event details. These limitations mak...

Paradoxical effects of testing: repeated retrieval attempts enhance the likelihood of later accurate and false recall.

The testing effect is the finding that taking an initial test enhances the likelihood of later recall. The present report examines the extent to which this benefit of testing comes with a cost: an enhanced likelihood of erroneously recalling incorrect information. Subjects were given short lists of semantic associates (e.g., hill, valley, climb); each list converged upon a related nonpresented ...